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42No. 280 | february 2025in Quranic principles, the Prophet%u2019s conduct, and the teachings of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS), the Prophet%u2019s family. The takfiri ideology of ISIS, characterized by its extremist and violent interpretations of religious texts, leads to the excommunication and killing of opponents, even fellow Muslims, and fosters division and violence within Islamic society. These two approaches are distinct in their foundations, methods, goals, and attitudes toward humanity and society. One tries to empower and unite, while the other seeks to divide and destroy.References:1. Imam Khomeini. (n.d.). Purification from the impurity of polytheism from Imam Khomeini%u2019s viewpoint. Imam Khomeini Portal. Retrieved from https://en.imam-khomeini.ir/en/n51925/Purification-from-the-impurity-of-polytheism-from-Imam-Khomeini-s-viewpoint2. Imam Khomeini. (n.d.). The sincerity of the monotheist%u2019s love of Truth is never complete without demonstrating disgust with polytheists and hypocrites. Imam Khomeini Portal. Retrieved from https://en.imam-khomeini.ir/en/n49276/Imam-KhomeiniThe-sincerity-of-the-monotheist-s-love-of-Truth-is-nevercomplete-without-th3. Imam Khomeini. (n.d.). Polytheists opposed the Holy Prophet%u2019s mission. Imam Khomeini Portal. Retrieved from https://en.imam-khomeini.ir/en/n27839/Polytheists-opposed-Holy-prophet-s-mission4.MEMRI. (2017, August 7). Dispute over Takfir rocks Islamic State. Middle East Media Research Institute. Retrieved from https://www.memri.org/reports/dispute-over-takfir-rocksislamic-state5. Kadivar, J. (2020). Exploring Takfir, its origins and contemporary use: The case of Takfiri approach in Daesh%u2019s media. Contemporary Review of the Middle East, 7(3), 259%u2013285. https://doi.org/10.1177/23477989209217066. Morrow, J. A. (2016, February 1). Takfirism %u2013 Understanding the ideology of terror. Retrieved from https://johnandrewmorrow.com/2016/02/01/takfirism-understanding-the-ideology-of-terror/7. Sadeghi, M. (n.d.). Comparison of Takfir and violence in the political discourse of Imam Khomeini and Takfiri groups. Andisheh Siyasi. Retrieved from https://andishehsiyasi.ri-khomeini.ac.ir/article_57237.html?lang=en8. Wiki Shia. (n.d.). Dissociation from polytheists (ritual). Retrieved from https://en.wikishia.net/view/Dissociation_from_Polytheists_%28Ritual%299.Rabil, R. (2018, August 31). Contextualizing jihad and Takfir in the Shi%u2019a conceptual framework. The Washington Institute. Retrieved from https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/contextualizing-jihad-and-takfir-shia-conceptual-framework